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Molecular Medicine
Found: 81
Introduction. Low rate of the pregnancy frequency in the IVF programs is one of the challenges in gynaecology nowadays. One of the approaches to enhance the efficacy of the assisted reproductive technology is to estimate the success of the forthcoming procedur…
Introduction. Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system. As the most frequent genetic alteration BRAF V600E mutation in PTC leads to changes in the activity of intracellular signaling pathways. As a result, expression…
Introduction. Search for correct markers for diagnosis, prognosis and evaluation of the effectiveness of chemotherapy is the most important problem of the modern oncohematology. The aim. To determine the clinical relevance of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)…
The frequency of reported cases of melanoma and related mortality rates continue to increase worldwide. The study of the basic mechanisms of both the initiation and development of this highly aggressive tumour proves to be important for the identification of t…
Introduction. Determination of the role of genetic markers in the formation of individual susceptibility to the effects of harmful chemicals both opens up new possibilities for assessing the risk of occupational and production-related diseases and address prev…
Introduction. Diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2 are having a number similar etiological factors and certain resemblance in the mechanisms of the disease. Therefore it is important to try to estimate the role of common genetic component in the genesis and for…
Renal cancer is among the most common oncourological diseases, and represents a heterogeneous group of tumors, which up to 80% is a clear cell renal cancer (CCRC). The study of rare hereditary forms of CCRC led to identification of the VHL gene; germinal VHL m…
Introduction. Gastric cancer is a global problem for the health systems worldwide. Today it takes the fourth place in the world in the morbidity and the second place in the mortality structure. In Russian Federation, almost 70% of gastric cancer cases are diag…
The literature review provides information on the molecular biology of low-grade malignancy gliomas (LGMG) in children and adolescents. The data on specific genetic aberrations in pilocytic astrocytoma, pleomorphic xantoastrocytoma, subependimal giant cell ast…
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) – small non-coding RNAs targeting multiple mRNAs – are posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression involved in carcinogenesis, metastasis, and invasion. MiRNAs expression is altered in various human tumors including ovarian cancer. Ana…
Introduction. Insulin-like growth factors (IGF) signaling system plays a major role in the development and progression of various sarcomas and other solid tumors, and therefore its components are regarded as promising diagnostic and prognostic tumor markers an…
Introduction. Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene TP53 are observed approximately in the half of all human malignancies. In bladder cancer (BC), ТР53 molecular alterations were shown to be associated with more aggressive tumor phenotype; however their clini…
Introduction. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), the most common mesenchymal tumors of GI tract, are characterized by KIT and PDGFRA activating mutations that are predictive factors. KIT and PDGFRA mutations are present in 85% of GISTs and are associated…
There is represented immunohistochemical and molecular biological characteristic of some histological types of breast cancer. The assessment of molecular biomarkers in breast cancer has two practical results: identification of risk groups, requiring additional…
The key role in the achievement of the main goals of personalized medicine in oncology i.e. treatment choice according to patient’s individual characteristics and biological properties of the tumor belongs to tumor molecular markers characterizing the specific…
The most important event in the molecular biology of the last years is the discovery of the regulation of intracellular processes by micro RNAs – a product of complicated processing of precursor RNAs synthesized on nuclear genes, that are playing the key role …
Prediction of clinical outcome of breast cancer (BC) is a multi-level process that includes the clinical and anatomical assessment both of the disease and the expression levels of proteins, DNA and RNA. This article discusses the application of traditional and…
The lecture considers common concepts of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Unlike the other tumors, NETs synthesize a variety of biologically active substances (hormones, peptides, amines), that being their main feature with multiple consequences leads to the deve…
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) constitute a heterogeneous group of relatively rare neoplasms, incidence of which has increased in the last decades. These tumors are composed of cells with a neuroendocrine phenotype and may occur in any organ, but are most often …
Introduction. According to inflammatory theory of atherosclerosis the immune damage of arteries with an autoimmune component – is the main link of its pathogenesis. The imbalance of cytokines production influences on course and prognosis of atherosclerosis. As…