Table of contents
ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ
Molecular mechanisms of astrocyte involvement in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease
Introduction. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder, the primary pathological feature of which is the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and the accumulation of aggregated α-synuclein. Th…
Age-related changes in 5xFAD microglia
Introduction. Microglia initiate and play a key role in neuroinflammation, which is currently considered one of the main mechanisms of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease. The aim of this study was to analyze the morphofunctional characteristics of microg…
Molecular heterogeneity of obesity: psychobiological mechanisms, limitations of the diagnostic model, and prospects for the development of personalized diagnosis and treatment
Introduction. Obesity can no longer be adequately described by body mass index alone. Similar BMI values may coexist with different fat distribution, inflammatory burden, neuroendocrine dysregulation, psychobehavioral traits, and risks of organ dysfunction. Ob…
Transcription factors bioinformatic analysis of differential gene expression in b16 melanoma cells under antitumor alkylating agent application
Introduction. Cancer drug resistance is driven among others, by non-genetic mechanisms. These processes may involve transcription factors dysregulation, modifications in gene expression, as well as epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modific…
Low-intensity inflammation and pleiotropic effect of delayed-action drugs (SYSADOA) in comorbid patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and osteoarthritis
Introduction. Primary open-angle glaucoma is considered a multifactorial disease, in the pathogenesis of which low-grade inflammation, cytokine imbalance, extracellular matrix remodeling, and neuroinflammation play a significant role. In comorbid patients with…
Molecular mechanisms of the cardiometabolic phenotype in arterial hypertension and obesity in women: from endothelial dysfunction to personalized risk stratification
Introduction. Arterial hypertension (AH) and obesity form a common cardiometabolic phenotype, in which hemodynamic overload, dysfunctional adipose tissue, estrogen deficiency, dyslipidemia, endothelial dysfunction, vascular remodeling, and electrophysiological…
Modern anticoagulants in the treatment and prevention of thrombotic complications in patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Introduction. Cancer patients have a high risk of developing venous thromboembolic complications, which worsen the outcomes of antitumor treatment and are the second leading cause of death after cancer progression. Objectives – to assess the effect of modern a…
ОБЗОР
Molecular and biological characteristics of tumor cells in testicular embryonal carcinoma explants
Introduction. Personalized treatment strategies for embryonal carcinoma, a germ cell tumor, are crucial due to the inherent heterogeneity of the tumor. Existing in vitro models inadequately reflect the native tumor microenvironment. Ex vivo organ culture (EVOC…
Pathogenetic mechanisms of myocardial damage in coronary heart disease
coronary artery disease, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cadherins, connexins, transforming growth factor-β, pannexins
Molecular genetic aspects of the pathogenesis of pain syndrome in multiple myeloma
Introduction. This review is devoted to the problem of the pathogenesis of pain syndrome in multiple myeloma (MM). The severity of pain often correlates poorly with the plasma cell burden but is highly dependent on tumor aggressiveness determined by primary ge…
Molecular mechanisms, pharmacological properties, and applications of PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer therapy
Relevance. PARP inhibitors (PARPi), have emerged as a significant development in the treatment of high-grade serous ovarian cancer that is associated with mutations in BRCA1/2 and genes of other homologous recombination proteins. These drugs exploit synthetic …
Potential mechanisms of dysfunction of peripheral chemoreflex and arterial baroreflex
The aim of this review is to analyze current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of altered sensitivity of the arterial baroreflex and peripheral chemoreflex and their potential association with perioperative complications. Material and methods. The revi…
Molecular and cellular characteristics of aortic aneurysm at different stages of its development
Introduction. An aortic aneurysm is defined as an irreversible progressive enlargement of the aorta with an increasing risk of rupture, often fatal. It is known that the imbalance of inhibitors and activators of cell matrix proteolysis and the death of smooth …
Molecular predictors of efficacy of single-stranded yeast RNA and ascorbic acid complexes: from critical quality attributes to personalized immunomodulation
Introduction. Single-stranded yeast RNA–ascorbic acid complexes are of interest as a class of natural immunomodulatory systems combining activation of innate immune pattern-recognition receptors with redox-modulating and epigenetic effects of vitamin C. Russia…
Genetic architecture and molecular mechanisms of cerebrovascular diseases: ischemic stroke, cerebral small vessel disease and intracranial aneurysms in the context of personalized medicine
Introduction. Cerebrovascular diseases are a heterogeneous group of conditions shaped by the interaction of polygenic susceptibility, rare monogenic variants, vascular remodeling, neuroinflammation, dysregulated hemostasis, and epigenetic reprogramming. Recent…