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Molecular Medicine
Found: 109
Introduction. Most cases of gastric cancer (GC) occur sporadically. Until recently, diffuse hereditary gastric cancer associated with the CDH1 gene mutations was considered the only hereditary form (about 1–3% of all tumors of the stomach). However, a signific…
Introduction. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), the most common mesenchymal tumors of GI tract, are characterized by KIT and PDGFRA activating mutations that are predictive factors. KIT and PDGFRA mutations are present in 85% of GISTs and are associated…
There is represented immunohistochemical and molecular biological characteristic of some histological types of breast cancer. The assessment of molecular biomarkers in breast cancer has two practical results: identification of risk groups, requiring additional…
The key role in the achievement of the main goals of personalized medicine in oncology i.e. treatment choice according to patient’s individual characteristics and biological properties of the tumor belongs to tumor molecular markers characterizing the specific…
The formation of properties promoting malignant transformation begins before the appearance of tumor cells at the level of inflammatory and precancerous processes. The basis for these properties is genomic instability of tumor cells. Genetic instability manife…
Introduction. Activation of eNOS/sGC/cGMP-pathway is a common link in the development of angiogenic action of the majority of pro-angiogenic factors. In this regard, the chemical inhibition of NOS (Nitric Oxide Synthase) may cause a nonspecific angiostatic eff…
The lecture considers common concepts of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Unlike the other tumors, NETs synthesize a variety of biologically active substances (hormones, peptides, amines), that being their main feature with multiple consequences leads to the deve…
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) constitute a heterogeneous group of relatively rare neoplasms, incidence of which has increased in the last decades. These tumors are composed of cells with a neuroendocrine phenotype and may occur in any organ, but are most often …
Among oncology diseases the primary bone tumors make up to 0,7–2,0% of all malignancies. The peak of morbidity caused by bone tumors falls on the age of person’s social activity. Bone tumors are one of the most aggressive among malignant human tumors. That’s w…
Introduction. Colorectal cancer (CRC) often metastasizes even if the tumor is small in size that is the main cause of death. Complex process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is required for dissemination of tumor cells. EMT leads to the transformatio…
Aim. Lynch Syndrome, which is caused by a defect in one of the mismatch repair (MMR) genes, is the most common among all hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes. Patients with Lynch syndrome in different populations are inherent in both genetic and clinical fea…
Breast cancer (BC) occupies the first place in morbidity and mortality rate in females in developed counties. From the point of view of biology BC proves to be the heterogenic disease, caused by genetic variability. It determines the phenotype of tumor and sen…
Introduction. Skin melanoma is referred to hormone-dependent tumors, the mechanism of influence of endocrine factors on pathogenesis of the tumor, however, has not been determined so far The aim of the study. The studying of the level of steroid hormones, prol…
Introduction. Epigenetic changes caused by methylation in promoter CpG-islands are a fine and dynamic mechanism of gene expression regulation in tumors. Increased and decreased expression and alterations in the methylation status of the gene are considered to …
Introduction. Kisspeptins (KP) are family of peptide mediators regulating function of gonadotrophic axis through the control of secretion of gonadotrophins at the central level. Also was shown that they are synthesized in other tissues and organs, where they h…
Introduction. PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is an important intracellular regulatory mechanism controlling cues of growth factors stimuli, apoptosis, proliferation, and cell motility. Deregulation of activity/expression of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway proteins dete…
Lung cancer is one of the most common oncologic diseases in the world and the most frequent cause of the death from malignant neoplasms. Last decade’s studies revealed significant number of molecular events leading to the onset and development of non-small cel…
Introduction. Insulin-like growth factor signaling system plays a major role in the development and progression of various malignant tumors including ovarian cancer, and its components are considered as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers and objects o…
Introduction. Progress in the treatment of cancer and bone tumors including, is associated with a significant breakthrough in molecular biology, immunology, understanding the causes of the emergence of the tumor cell, patterns of the development and course of …
Introduction. P16INK4a protein plays one of the key role in processes of cell proliferation, its inactivation is noted in a number of tumors of various localization. Restoration of the p16INK4a function in neoplastic cells may promote braking of division of tu…