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Molecular predictors of efficacy of single-stranded yeast RNA and ascorbic acid complexes: from critical quality attributes to personalized immunomodulation

Potupchik T.V., Ermolaev V.V., Generalov S.V., Alikin Yu.S., Evert L.S., Kurbanova D.V., Shevchuk A.S., Omarova L.S.

Introduction. Single-stranded yeast RNA–ascorbic acid complexes are of interest as a class of natural immunomodulatory systems combining activation of innate immune pattern-recognition receptors with redox-modulating and epigenetic effects of vitamin C. Russia…

Molecular genetic aspects of the pathogenesis of pain syndrome in multiple myeloma

Korolenko I.D., Gerashchenko E.A., Kovalenko E.S., Amdiev A.A., Korolenko T.S., Ageeva E.S.

Introduction. This review is devoted to the problem of the pathogenesis of pain syndrome in multiple myeloma (MM). The severity of pain often correlates poorly with the plasma cell burden but is highly dependent on tumor aggressiveness determined by primary ge…

Modern anticoagulants in the treatment and prevention of thrombotic complications in patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Somonova O.V., Elizarova A.L., Vardanyan A.V.

Introduction. Cancer patients have a high risk of developing venous thromboembolic complications, which worsen the outcomes of antitumor treatment and are the second leading cause of death after cancer progression. Objectives – to assess the effect of modern a…

Molecular heterogeneity of obesity: psychobiological mechanisms, limitations of the diagnostic model, and prospects for the development of personalized diagnosis and treatment

Grinevich V.B., Zakrevsky V.V., Kravchuk Yu.A., Salikova S.P., Seliverstov P.V., Dikinova K.A., Khupsergenova I.N., Gorbunova D.I., Khabibulina M.M.

Introduction. Obesity can no longer be adequately described by body mass index alone. Similar BMI values may coexist with different fat distribution, inflammatory burden, neuroendocrine dysregulation, psychobehavioral traits, and risks of organ dysfunction. Ob…

Age-related changes in 5xFAD microglia

Guselnikova V.V., Sufieva D.A., Korzhevskii D.E.

Introduction. Microglia initiate and play a key role in neuroinflammation, which is currently considered one of the main mechanisms of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease. The aim of this study was to analyze the morphofunctional characteristics of microg…

Digital twin of early immunometabolic response after tick bite. LC-MS/MS profiling of lipid mediators and the kynurenine pathway in a QSP model of systemic inflammation

Kutsenko V.P., Nosov A.V., Ushal I.E., Seliverstov P.V., Papina E.I., Chopalaeva A.G., Nuritdinova A.F., Isupov I.I.

Tick bite is traditionally viewed in clinical practice primarily as an event associated with the risk of pathogen transmission. Although this interpretation is epidemiologically justified, it does not capture the molecular layer that develops within the first …

YEAST RNA AS A SOURCE OF IMMUNOMODULATORY NUCLEOTIDES: FROM BIOCHEMISTRY TO CLINICAL APPLICATION

Potupchik T.V., Alikin Yu.S., Generalov S.V., Ermolaev V.V., Kudlay D.A., Ksanaeva J.A., Banar L.S., Makhova A.A.

Introduction. Yeast RNA is considered a promising class of natural immunomodulators that has been studied in Russian biomedical science since the Soviet period. High-molecular-weight RNA fractions from Saccharomyces cerevisiae exhibit pronounced immunostimulat…

FEATURES OF SHIFTS IN THE INDICATORS OF IMMUNE-ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN RESIDENTS OF THE KRASNODAR TERRITORY SUFFERING FROM POLLINOSIS

Pavlyuchenko I.I., Klimenko Y.V., Golantsev A.S., Kokov E.A., Solomko A.A

Background. Pollinosis is a progressive allergic disease mediated by an IgE-dependent reaction associated with the activation of inflammatory processes, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, which affects, first of all, the membrane structures of various ce…

Proteomic reprogramming of senescent mesenchymal stromal cells of adipose tissue: a role in the modulation of macrophage phenotype and the formation of inflammageing in obesity

Lyamina S.V., Kalish S.V., Kozhevnikova E.O., Slepov Yu.K., Lyamina N.P., Novikova S.E., Zgoda V.G.

The study is devoted to the identification of changes in the proteomic profile of senescent mesenchymal stromal cells of adipose tissue, which determine the modulation of the macrophage phenotype and are involved in the pathogenetic cascade of the formation of…

Molecular patterns of RNA pathogens and immune response to exogenous RNA: recognition mechanisms and therapeutic potential

Potupchik T.V., Alikin Yu.S., Generalov S.V., Ermolaev V.V., Pluzhnikova A.V., Ferzilaeva N.R., Kozarenko M.A.

Introduction. Innate immunity represents the first line of defense against pathogens, based on recognition of conserved molecular patterns (PAMPs) through specialized pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). RNA-containing viral patterns are of particular importa…

Immunopathology of trauma: relationship between physical damage to the musculoskeletal system and the development of rheumatic diseases

Karateev A.E., Polishchuk E.Yu.

Introduction. A physical injury triggers a cascade of pathological processes, including the activation of the immune system and the development of local inflammation. Hereditary predisposition, pronounced structural changes, biomechanical disorders, and comorb…

Synergism of ascorbic acid and RNA interferon inducers in antiviral immunity activation: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives

Potupchik T.V., Alikin Yu.S., Generalov S.V., Evert L.S., Tymchuk V.I., Khalakoeva D.A., Abdullaeva S.R., Spitsyn А.А

Introduction. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is an essential cofactor of numerous enzymatic reactions and possesses pronounced antioxidant properties. Recent years have seen accumulating evidence of its immunomodulatory effects, particularly the ability to potentia…

Serotonin as a modulator of neurogenesis processes in post-traumatic stress disorder

The purpose of this review is to discuss the role of serotonin in the processes of neurogenesis in the hippocampus in post-traumatic stress disorder. Full-text materials were searched in Medline (PubMed) and Scopus databases over the past 15 years. Results. Co…

The effect of a high-fat diet and phytocomposition based on B. vulgaris, C. bergamia, D. villosa and L. meyenii on the expression of genes for carbohydrate and lipid metabolism enzymes in the liver of rats

Yankovskaya S.V., Mosalev K.I., Deulin I.Y., Palchikova N.A., Selyatitskaya V.G.

Introduction. The liver serves as a buffer for the accumulation and utilization of excess intake of nutritional fats, the intake of plant compounds can improve metabolic processes in the liver, but the molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon have been little s…

The Role of P2X7 Receptors in the Pathogenesis of Depression and Autism Spectrum Disorders

Panyukov V.A., Zakharova V.A., Malinovskaya N.A., Shogenov Z.I., Nicheporenko Yu.A., Shikhmagomedova A.R.

Introduction. Purinergic signaling pathways in brain cells can play an important role both in physiological conditions and in depression and autism spectrum disorders. The purpose of this literature review was a systematic analysis of information in the modern…

Neurotoxic complications of cancer chemotherapy

Evert L.S., Potupchik T.V., Saranchina Yu.V., Khadzieva M.K., Samoyavcheva V.S., Tsalikova R.R.

Introduction. Neurotoxicity is a common complication of chemotherapy that negatively affects the quality of life of cancer patients. Damage to the nervous system affects both the peripheral nerves (peripheral neuropathy) and the central nervous system (chemo b…

Interaction in the PAMPs – mucosal barrier – cytokines system in children with obesity

Kirilina I.V., Rumyantsev S.A., Gaponov A.M., Khusnutdinova D.R., Grigorieva T.V., Teplyakova E.D., Shestopalov A.V.

Introduction. The significant increase in obesity among children and adolescents necessitates the search for ways to prevent and treat it. Inflammation in obesity is the main mechanism leading to comorbid changes. Aim of the study. To establish correlations be…

Morphological features of atherosclerotic plaque: modeling of atherosclerosis after stenting as a model of premature aging

Kozlov K.L., Sopromadze A.G., Medvedev D.S., Borodulin A.V., Polyakova V.O

Atherosclerosis and the installation of stents can be considered as a model of premature aging of the body. These processes are associated with chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, loss of cellular function, and impaired regeneration, which makes them a con…

Molecular mechanisms and pharmacogenetic determinants of II–III generation antihistamines efficacy in allergic bronchial asthma: personalized therapy prospects

Borodulina E.A., Yakovleva E.V., Borodulin B.E., Gladunova E.P., Marchenko S.D., Krylova O.V., Mamontova E.R., Rekalo A.R., Minnullina Z.R., Bagirova B.R., Salpagarova A.A.

Introduction. Allergic bronchial asthma (BA) is accompanied by activation of histamine H1/H4 receptors and variable response to antihistamines. The aim of this review is to analyze the molecular mechanisms of action of second- and third-generation antihistamin…

Significance of altered neutrophil extracellular traps formation during the development of pregnancy complications among patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

Shamarakova M.V., Artem’eva K.A., Nizyaeva N.V., Zayratyants G.O., Stepanova I.I., Stepanov A.A., Achmetshina A.A., Dobrochotova Y.E., Mikhaleva L.M.

Introduction. The interest in neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in various conditions, including pregnancy complications was increased over the last decade. Accompanied by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) hyperglycemia contributes to neutrophil’s activa…