Abstract
Background. Pollinosis is a progressive allergic disease mediated by an IgE-dependent reaction associated with the activation of inflammatory processes, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, which affects, first of all, the membrane structures of various cells of the body, changing their structure and functional properties. This applies primarily to the most numerous and long–functioning group of blood cells, red blood cells. Studying the state of antioxidant and immune defense systems, free radical oxidation processes, and lipid peroxidation at the tissue and cellular levels, using serum and erythrocyte mass, opens up new prospects for understanding the mechanisms of metabolic shifts in hay fever and establishing the possibility of additional diagnosis and prevention of allergic diseases.
Aim. To study the direction of metabolic shifts in the antioxidant and immune defense system in residents of the Krasnodar Territory who suffer from pollinosis.
Material and methods. A blood test was performed on individuals suffering from hay fever (n = 100) and healthy volunteers (n=100). The study group was divided into four subgroups: individuals with аllergic rhinitis caused by pollen of allergenic plants (AR) (n=10); AR in combination with аllergic conjunctivitis (AC) (n=57); bronchial asthma with a predominance of an allergic component (BA) (n=13); AR+AC+BA (n=20). The ELISA method was used to determine the level of total IgE in blood serum. Metabolic shifts in oxidative homeostasis were assessed by the activity of superoxide dismutase and the level of malondialdehyde in hemolysate.
Results. А pronounced imbalance in the antioxidant system of the body of patients with pollinosis, especially in its comorbid conditions (AR+AС; AR+AС+BA), was established. A significant increase in the level of malondialdehyde (2.8 times; p < 0.001), total IgE (8.6 times; p < 0.001), was observed compared to the control group. A moderate increase in superoxide dismutase activity indicates a compensatory reaction of antioxidant protection, but not sufficiently pronounced to suppress the developing oxidative process in pollinosis.
Conclusion. The data obtained highlight the relationship between IgE hyperproduction, oxidative stress, and insufficiency of the antioxidant defense systems in pollinosis. An integrated approach aimed at suppressing the hyperimmune response and correcting the oxidative imbalance can improve measures to control the development, course, and prevention of allergy complications.
Authors and affiliations
https://elibrary.ru/uttrpl
I.I. Pavlyuchenko, Y.V. Klimenko, A.S. Golantsev, E.A. Kokov, A.A. Solomko
Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Kuban State Medical University”
of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Sedina str., 4, Krasnodar, 350063, Russian Federation
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