Аннотация
Актуальность: обзор посвящен анализу литературных данных о нарушениях работы иммунной системы при COVID-19. Так как некоторые клинические симптомы COVID-19 соответствуют признакам аутоиммунных заболеваний, один из фундаментальных вопросов патогенеза COVID-19, заключается в том, является ли инфицирование SARS-CoV-2 фактором риска развития аутоиммунных осложнений. Цель: оценка возможной роли гуморального ответа, в частности, антител с различной специфичностью при COVID-19, в развитии аутоиммунных реакций. Материал и методы: анализ и систематизация научных публикаций об аутоиммунных заболеваниях за последние 15 лет и о COVID-19 за 2020–2022 годы; поиск статей выполнен в базах данных PubMed и Scopus. Результаты: В данном обзоре проведено сравнение классических аутоиммунных заболеваний и COVID-19. Это сопоставление обусловлено и тем, что лечения тяжелых пациентов с COVID-19 практикуется использование препаратов, обычно назначаемых при аутоиммунных заболеваниях. Разнообразие аутоантител при COVID-19 может отражать временную иммунную активацию в условиях острой инфекции, а также раннюю потерю толерантности, и дальнейшее развитие хронической аутоиммунной патологии. Проведен обзор вирусных инфекций, запускающих аутоиммунные патологии, а также возможных механизмов индукции аутоиммунитета при COVID-19. Классифицированы и описаны основные группы антител, обнаруженные у пациентов с COVID-19.
Авторы и аффилиации
А.М. Тимофеева(1), С.Е. Седых(1, 2), Г.А. Невинский(1, 2)
1-Институт химической биологии и фундаментальной медицины
Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук,
Российская Федерация, 630090, Новосибирск, ул. Лаврентьева, д. 8;
2-Новосибирский государственный университет,
Российская Федерация, 630090, Новосибирск, ул. Пирогова, д. 1
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