Аннотация
В данном обзоре систематизированы современные данные об аминотрансферазах с разветвленной цепью (BCAT). Подробно рассмотрены их молекулярная структура, классификация как ферментов укладки IV типа, зависимых от пиридоксальфосфата (PLP), и особенности катализа. Показаны различия между двумя основными изоферментами — митохондриальным (BCATm) и цитозольным (BCATc), их тканевая специфичность и функции. Освещена ключевая роль BCAT в метаболизме BCAA, включая регуляцию синтеза белка через путь mTOR, гомеостаз глюкозы и азота. Особое внимание уделено патогенетическому значению BCAT: их участию в развитии нейродегенеративных заболеваний (через синтез нейротрансмиттера глутамата), онкологических процессов (глиобластома, лейкозы, рак желудка и молочной железы), а также связи с инсулинорезистентностью и старением. Обсуждается потенциал BCAT как мишеней для фармакологического воздействия, в частности, ингибирование BCAT c препаратом габапентином. Рассмотрены перспективы изучения BCAT для разработки новых терапевтических стратегий при метаболических, неврологических и онкологических заболеваниях.
Ключевые слова
Авторы и аффилиации
https://elibrary.ru/qcurco
А.К. Мартусевич(1, 3, 4), А.Н. Тужилкин(1), А.Д. Чернышева(3), А.В. Попов(2)
1-ФГАОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Нижегородский государственный университет
им. Н.И. Лобачевского», Российская Федерация, 603022, Нижний Новгород, пр. Гагарина, 23; 2-ФГБУН
«Государственный научный центр Российской Федерации “Институт биоорганической химии им. академиков М.М. Шемякина и Ю.А. Овчинникова” Российской академии наук», Российская Федерация, 117997, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 16/10; 3-ФГБОУ ВО «Нижегородский государственный агротехнологический
университет им. Л.Я. Флорентьева», Российская Федерация, 603117, Нижний Новгород, пр. Гагарина, 97; 4Ассоциация российских озонотерапевтов, Российская Федерация, 603117, Нижний Новгород, ул. Панина, 9
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