Аннотация
Цель обзора. Систематизация современных подходов и технологий визуализации структурных компонентов тканевого микроокружения (ТМО) с акцентом на преимущества, ограничения и стратегии анализа данных мультиплексной иммуногистохимии. Материал и методы. Анализ литературы проведен с использованием баз данных PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science. Глубина поиска охватывала публикации за последние 5-7 лет. Основные положения. Анализ ТМО методами многомерной гистологии с пространственным контекстом и применением ИИ создает новый уровень информативности в функциональной морфологии. Современные методы пространственного профилирования (макро-/микродиссекция, баркодирование, оптическая визуализация, масс-спектрометрическая визуализация) различаются по разрешению, мультиплексности и типу анализируемых маркеров. Мультиплексная иммунофлуоресценция (мИФ) среди других методов оптической визуализации обладает рядом преимуществ, включая высокую чувствительность, сохранение структурно-биологических параметров тканевой организации, достоверную объективность при детекции клеток в контексте гистоархитектоники и надежную верификацию полученных результатов благодаря доступной оценке качества иммуномечения на каждом этапе дизайна окрашивания. Пространственная протеомика на основе мИФ технологически доступна и имеет низкую себестоимость по сравнению с другими «омиксными» технологиями, что делает её перспективным инструментом выбора. Интеграция искусственного интеллекта в анализ гистосканов позволяет автоматизировать сегментацию, классификацию клеток и последующий статистический анализ. Заключение. Совокупность технологий визуализации и пространственного анализа ТМО открывает возможности для выявления фундаментальных закономерностей организации живой материи на тканевом, клеточном и молекулярном уровнях. Это создает новый информационный базис для разработки трансляционных маркеров, повышения информативности диагностических и прогностических алгоритмов, а также эффективности терапии в персонализированной медицине.
Ключевые слова
Авторы и аффилиации
https://elibrary.ru/xklnkm Д.А. Атякшин(1, 2), А.А. Поддубский(1), Г.А. Демяшкин(1), Н. Резаиан(1),
М.Р. Саридис(1), А.Т. Приходько(1), А.А. Алехнович(1), А.А. Костин(1), Е.М. Пальцева(3)
1-ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы»,
Российская Федерация, 117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6; 2-ФГБОУ ВО «Воронежский
государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. Бурденко» Минздрава России,
Российская Федерация, 394036, Воронеж, ул. Студенческая, 10; 3-ФГБУ «Российская
академия наук», Российская Федерация, 119991, Москва, Ленинский проспект, 32
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