Abstract
The majority of IgE binds with Fcε mast cells receptors. Repeated contacts between allergen and specific
IgE on the surface of mast cells result in Fcε-receptors cross-linking, degranulation and release of inflammation mediators such as
histamine, proteases, cytokines and chemokines.
The aim of the study: analysis of general properties and specific features of cytokine profiles for immediate hypersensitivity reactions
including bronchial asthma (BA), atopic dermatitis (АD) and urticarial (U).
Results. During the sensitizing stage the induction of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6 gene expression activates the B-cells production
of specific antibodies of class IgE. The subsequent cascade enhancement results from IL-4, IL-6 and granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating
factor (GM-CSF) action. Additionally, IL-17 stimulates Th2 cytokines and eosinophilia development. Besides common cytokines
for all allergic diseases, BA has increased levels of pro-inflammatory IL-6, IL-8, IL-22, IFNγ and TNFα as well as anti-inflammatory
IL-37. АD increases the production of Th22, some Th17 cytokines and IL-37. Specific features of U include production of IL-9, IL-10,
IL-22, IL-25, IL-33 and thymic stromal lymphopoetin.
Conclusion. Identification of cytokines responsible for development of allergic diseases, mainly IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 permits to design new
therapy approaches targeted at inhibiting of those ILs by using specific recombinant receptors or humanized monoclonal antibodies as well
as by inactivating the corresponding mRNAs with antisense oligonucleotides, ribozymes and DNA enzymes, short interfering RNA, decoys
and aptamers. For supression of Th2 cytokines interferon-γ, IL-12 and IL-37 can be used.
Authors and affiliations
СYTOKINES FOR ALLERGIC DISEASES
O.V. Morozova1, 2 , Т.P. Ospelnikova2, 3
1Federal Research Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia,
Malaya Pirogovskaya Street 1а, Moscow, 119435, Russian Federation; 2National Research Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology
of N.F. Gamaleya of the Russian Ministry of Health, Gamaleya Street 16, Moscow, 123098, Russian Federation;
3Federal State Budget Scientific Institution Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera of I.I. Mechnikov,
Malyj Kazjonnyj per., building 5a, Moscow, 105064, Russian Federation