Abstract
The aim of the review is to analyze the main trends in the development of molecular medicine and to establish the dependence of the development of modern informative diagnostic tests and treatment methods on new knowledge about the biochemical processes developing in the cell (plasmalemma, organelles, nucleus) in various diseases.
Possibilities of regulation of transport processes through the plasmalemma; promising therapies related to restoration of mitochondrial metabolism, autophagy and cell apoptosis pathways are discussed.
Results. The molecular mechanisms underlying Golgi apparatus dysfunction associated with musculoskeletal diseases and tumor development and progression are presented. We investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic disorders, and the development of chronic pain; and the potential use of UPR modulators to treat chronic diseases. The clinical implications and therapeutic potential of targeting the molecular mechanisms of lysosome biogenesis, and directed protein degradation in the human proteome are reviewed.
Conclusion. Knowledge of the molecular participants of DNA editing in cancer is deepened. The pathways of intracellular signaling and potential targets for the development of a new generation of pharmacological drugs for various diseases are analyzed.
Authors and affiliations
E.F. Barinov
FSBEI HE “Donetsk State Medical University”, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation,
Avenue Ilyicha, 16, 283003, Donetsk, Russian Federation
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