Abstract
This review attempts to generalize current data on the role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and their pathogenetic relationship with the main pathomorphological phenomena in this pathology. Nowadays, many microRNAs were studied to clarify the pathogenesis of endometriosis and its reliable diagnostic marker. The difference between heterotopic endometrioid cells and intact endometrial cells is referred to in the literature as «endometrioid phenotype formation» and probably depends on changes in the expression of specific microRNAs. Increasing VEGF expression in endometriosis has a common pathogenetic axis with impaired expression of many microRNAs, like miR-29c, miR-33b, miR-199a-5p, and miR-210. Probably, changes in the expression of these microRNAs lead to the formation of an endometrioid phenotype. The subsequent pathogenetic cascade in the form of changes in the expression of miR-145 and miR-451 promotes the formation of endometriosis-associated infertility. Changes in the expression of miR-199a-5p, miR-125b-5P and miR-191 in turn increase the risk of malignization of endometrioid heterotopia. This data may serve to create both prevention and targeted therapy for endometriosis and related infertility, as well as to prevent the development of endometriosis-associated cancer.
Authors and affiliations
1-Smolensk State Medical University, Krupskoy st. 28, Smolensk, 214019, Russian Federation; 2-Smolensk Regional Institute of Pathology, Gagarina av. 27, Smolensk, 214020, Russian Federation E-mail: ukrainets.roman@yandex.ru
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